Cyber crime

The fight against cybercrime requires the collaboration of many actors and communities to be successful. In this respect, it is important to address and counter the rise of cybercrime and to prepare a concerted and coordinated response with relevant stakeholders.

Where it is suspected that an incident is related to serious criminal activities under Union or national law, Member States should encourage essential and important entities, on the basis of applicable criminal proceedings rules in accordance with Union law, to report incidents of a suspected serious criminal nature to the relevant law enforcement authorities. Where appropriate, and without prejudice to the personal data protection rules applying to Europol, it is desirable that coordination between the competent authorities and the law enforcement authorities of different Member States be facilitated by the European Cybercrime Centre (EC3) and ENISA.

Austria

Belgium

Bulgaria

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

Estonia

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

Liechtenstein

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Croatia

Police Cybercrime Service: Croatia's specialised police unit for investigating computer/cyber crime, within the Criminal Police Directorate of the Police Directorate. It investigates online fraud (phishing, vishing, CEO/BEC fraud, romance scams - up to 80% of the cybercrime it handles), unauthorised access, malware and darknet/OSINT cases, with EUR 1.6m NRRP funding to strengthen capacity (OSINT/darknet tools, specialist training). Citizens report crimes to the police on the 24/7 emergency number 192 or file a criminal complaint with the police or State Attorney's Office. The unit also runs the year-long public awareness campaign "Web heroj" targeting citizens and businesses.

Sources: https://mup.gov.hr/ravnateljstvo-policije-281611/281611
https://policija.gov.hr/vijesti/u-ravnateljstvu-policije-predstavljen-projekt-jacanje-kapaciteta-policije-za-suzbijanje-kibernetickog-kriminaliteta/6748

Cybercrime legal framework (Criminal Code + Budapest & UN Conventions): Croatia's legal foundation for prosecuting cybercrime. As a party to the Council of Europe Budapest Convention, Croatia aligned both its substantive and procedural criminal law with the Convention through the Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code (in force 2013), covering illegal access, interception, data/system interference, misuse of devices, computer-related fraud and child sexual abuse material, plus procedural powers to secure electronic evidence. On 23 July 2026 Croatia also signed the UN Convention against Cybercrime, with ratification to follow.

Sources: https://www.zakon.hr/z/98/Kazneni-zakon
https://mpudt.gov.hr/news-25399/croatia-signs-united-nations-convention-against-cybercrime/31023
https://sredisnjikatalogrh.gov.hr/srce-arhiva/191/103105/kazneni_zakon_procisceni_pravst.pdf

Related objective Address cyber crime

Country related resources:

Action Plan

HR_ACTION_PLAN_2015_en.pdf

HR_ACTION_PLAN_2023_hr.pdf

Link

Documents

HR_NCSS_2015_hr.pdf

HR_NCSS_2015_en.pdf

HR_ANNUAL_REPORT_2023_hr.pdf

HR_SECURITY_STRATEGY_2017_en.pdf

Denmark

Cybercrime Reporting through the Danish Police: Victims can report hacking, malware, ransomware, account compromise, DDoS attacks and other offences targeting computers, tablets and smartphones. The police provide guidance on evidence collection and reporting requirements.

Sources: https://politi.dk/en/report-a-crime/crimes-against-digital-devices
https://politi.dk/anmeld-kriminalitet
https://politi.dk/en/report-a-crime

National Special Crime Unit: The National Special Crime Unit strengthens the efforts by the Danish police against the most complex economic crime, organised crime and cybercrime.

Sources: https://politi.dk/en/about-the-police/national-special-crime-unit
https://politi.dk/om-politiet/virksomheden/national-enhed-for-saerlig-kriminalitet

Sikkerdigital.dk: Denmark provides a national platform offering guidance on phishing, identity theft, online fraud, social engineering and cybercrime recovery. Citizens and businesses can obtain practical support and information on how to respond after becoming victims of cybercrime.

Sources:https://www.sikkerdigital.dk/borger

Cyber Hotline for Digital Security: The Cyber Hotline for Digital Security is for citizens and businesses who want guidance on how to become more digitally secure, as well as how to handle and prevent digital fraud and cyber attacks.

Sources: https://www.sikkerdigital.dk/cyberhotline

Related objective Address cyber crime

Hungary

Cybercrime Department, National Bureau of Investigation (NNI) & capacity development: Hungary's specialised police unit for investigating cybercrime — the Cybercrime Department of the National Bureau of Investigation (NNI), under the National Police Headquarters (ORFK). It investigates unauthorised access, malware, DDoS and online financial fraud, cryptocurrency-enabled crime and online offences against minors (grooming, cyberbullying), and runs joint international operations. Under an EU Internal Security Fund project (BBA Plus, 2024–2028, HUF 1.312bn), the police and National Protective Service are acquiring forensic workstations and data-analysis/OSINT tools to speed up identification, collection and analysis of digital evidence and set up joint investigation teams. Citizens report via the police e-administration portal, the anonymous hotline (80 555 111) or 112.

Sources: https://www.police.hu/hu/hirek-es-informaciok/legfrissebb-hireink/szervezeti-hirek/kiberbunozes-elleni-muveletek
https://www.police.hu/en

CyberShield (KiberPajzs) – cybercrime prevention & victim reporting programme: Hungary's dedicated public programme against online crime, launched in 2022 as a joint education and communication cooperation between the National Bank of Hungary (MNB), the Hungarian Banking Association, the National Media and Infocommunications Authority (NMHH), the National Cyber Security Centre of Hungary (NCSC HU), the National Police (ORFK) and the Ministry of Justice. Its public portal explains current fraud types (phishing, vishing, smishing, spoofing, investment and marketplace scams), gives step-by-step reporting guidance for victims (contact your bank, then report to police via 112), and provides victim-support resources. It runs the CyberTuesday awareness campaign.

Sources: https://kiberpajzs.hu/
https://kiberpajzs.hu/bejelentest-szeretnek-tenni

Cybercrime legal framework (Criminal Code + Budapest Convention): Hungary's legal foundation for prosecuting cybercrime. As a party to the Council of Europe Budapest Convention, Hungary aligned its criminal law with the Convention and Directive 2013/40/EU. The Criminal Code (Act C of 2012) criminalises breach of information-system integrity (Section 423), unauthorised obtaining of protected data (Section 422), preparing/distributing tools for such offences (Section 424) and computer-related fraud (Section 375); the Criminal Procedure Act provides the powers to secure electronic evidence.

Source: https://www.coe.int/en/web/octopus/-/hungary

Related objective Address cyber crime

Netherlands

Police cybercrime reporting (aangifte): Individuals and organisations can report cybercrime to the National Police online, by telephone or at a police station. The reporting process creates a formal record for criminal investigation and requires victims to preserve relevant digital evidence.

Source: https://www.politie.nl/informatie/kan-ik-aangifte-doen-van-cybercrime.html

Team High Tech Crime investigation and prosecution pathway: Team High Tech Crime investigates complex, organised and high-impact cybercrime. It works with regional police units, international partners and the Public Prosecution Service, which decides on prosecution and leads the criminal-justice response.

Source: https://www.politie.nl/

Fraud Helpdesk reporting and public-warning service: The Fraud Helpdesk supports the response to cyber-enabled fraud by collecting reports from citizens and businesses, identifying recurring methods and issuing public warnings. Its aggregated information improves awareness of criminal patterns and directs victims to the police when a formal criminal investigation is required. It therefore contributes to prevention and intelligence, but does not replace law-enforcement reporting.

Source: https://www.fraudehelpdesk.nl/

Project Melissa (public-private ransomware partnership): The OM, Police, NCSC-NL, Cyberveilig Nederland and participating private cybersecurity firms share ransomware intelligence and operational insights under the Melissa covenant to improve prevention and disruption of ransomware attacks.

Source: https://www.ncsc.nl/nieuws/melissa-samenwerkingsverband-ransomwarebestrijding

Hack_Right cyber-offender intervention program: A police-led intervention for young people aged 12-30 who become involved in cybercrime and have an interest in ICT. It aims to redirect skills toward lawful use and prevent repeated offending.

Source: https://www.politie.nl/informatie/wat-is-hack_right.html

Related objective Address cyber crime

Cyber crime

Cyber crime

Country related resources:

Country related resources:

Country related resources:

Country related resources:

Subscribe