Publications

Featured publications

ENISA Threat Landscape 2025

Through a more threat-centric approach and further contextual analysis, this latest edition of the ENISA Threat Landscape analyses 4875 incidents over a period spanning from 1 July 2024 to 30 June 2025. At its core, this report provides an…

NIS Investments 2025

The annual NIS Investments report presents the findings of a study conducted by ENISA to explore how cybersecurity policy translates in practice across organisations in the EU and its effects on their investments, resources, and operations.

NIS2 Technical Implementation Guidance

This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The…

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Guidelines for Securing the Internet of Things

This ENISA study defines guidelines for securing the supply chain for IoT. ENISA with the input of IoT experts created security guidelines for the whole lifespan: from requirements and design, to end use delivery and maintenance, as well as…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Cyber threat intelligence overview

The report assesses the state-of-play of cyber threat intelligence (CTI) as a dynamic cybersecurity domain. This analysis aims to indicate the main trends in the expeditious development of CTI by providing relevant references and summarizing the…

ENISA Threat Landscape - Emerging trends

With the start of a new decade, significant changes can be expected in the way we perceive and understand cybersecurity or the security of cyberspace. The report lists relevant cybersecurity challenges and the top five trends with cyberthreats.…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Malware

The report provides an overview and findings of malware, identifies trends and proposes actions for malware mitigation.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Phishing

The report outlines the findings related to phishing, provides an overview of the trends in this domain and details the top phishing themes in 2019. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Physical manipulation/ damage/ theft/ loss

The report provides an overview of physical tampering, damage, theft and loss of devices and outlines security practices, trends and findings. It also lists proposed actions for mitigation

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Botnet

The report outlines the findings related to botnet, provides a description and analysis of the domain and lists relevant recent incidents. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Cryptojacking

The report outlines the findings on cryptojacking, provides a description and analysis of the domain and lists relevant recent incidents. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Cyber espionage

The report outlines the trends related to cyber espionage attacks and provides guidelines to mitigate them.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Data Breach

The report outlines the findings on data breach, provides a description and analysis of the domain and lists relevant recent incidents. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided.