The annual NIS Investments report presents the findings of a study conducted by ENISA to explore how cybersecurity policy translates in practice across organisations in the EU and its effects on their investments, resources, and operations.
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Through a more threat-centric approach and further contextual analysis, this latest edition of the ENISA Threat Landscape analyses 4875 incidents over a period spanning from 1 July 2024 to 30 June 2025. At its core, this report provides an…
This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The cybersecurity requirements for…
This report provides an overview of the most common methods for identity proofing with some examples received by stakeholders, presents the current legal / regulatory landscape and supporting standards at the international and EU level and…
This document provides an overview of the conformity assessment framework for QTSPs as set out in the eIDAS Regulation, i.e. aiming to confirm that the assessed QTSP/QTS fulfils its requirements. This report discusses the typical process flow and…
This document provides recommendations to help qualified trust service providers and auditors understand the expected mapping between these requirements/obligations and reference numbers of standards, as well as practical recommendations for…
This document proposes a security framework to achieve compliance with Article 19 of the eIDAS Regulation, to which both non-QTSP and QTSP are subject. Nevertheless, Article 19.1 states that the security measures “shall ensure that the level of…
This document proposes a security framework to achieve compliance with Article 19 of the eIDAS Regulation. As illustrated below, this security framework includes specific guidelines for TSP on: 1) Risk management related to the security of the…
The finance sector is a heavily regulated sector, and cybersecurity provisions are already included in multiple EU policies and legislations (e.g. PSD 2 , MIFID II ). EU institutions, agencies, bodies, regulators and other groups of stakeholders…
This report, drafted jointly by ENISA and JRC, aims to provide insights on the cybersecurity challenges specifically connected to the uptake of AI techniques in autonomous vehicles. It describes the policy context at both the European and…
This report aims to increase the understanding
of blockchain technologies. It aims to explain the underlying technical concepts and how they relate to each other. The goal is to explain the components,
and illustrate their use by pointing…
This report, building on the basic pseudonymisation techniques, examines advanced solutions for more complex scenarios that can be based on asymmetric encryption, ring signatures and group pseudonyms, chaining mode, pseudonyms based on multiple…
This study aims to provide Cloud security practices for the healthcare sector and identify security aspects, including relevant data protection aspects, to be taken into account when procuring Cloud services for the healthcare industry. The set…
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