Publications

Featured publications

ENISA NIS360

This edition of the ENISA NIS360 report is the third to assess the cybersecurity maturity and criticality of all sectors of high criticality as identified under Annex I of the NIS2 directive. The assessment covers the entire ecosystem of a sector…

NIS Investments 2025

The annual NIS Investments report presents the findings of a study conducted by ENISA to explore how cybersecurity policy translates in practice across organisations in the EU and its effects on their investments, resources, and operations.

NIS2 Technical Implementation Guidance

This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The cybersecurity requirements for…

All publications

Publish Date

ENISA Threat Landscape Methodology

By establishing the ENISA Cybersecurity Threat Landscape (CTL) methodology, the Agency aims to set a baseline for the transparent and systematic delivery of horizontal, thematic, and sectorial cybersecurity threat landscapes. The following threat…

Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure Policies in the EU

This report analyses information and presents an overview of coordinated vulnerability disclosure (CVD) policies at the national level within the EU. Aside from offering a comprehensive overview of the EU CVD state of play, it also provides high-…

Cross-Sector Exercise Requirements

This report aims to identify the skills, exercises and training needed to ensure that the information exchange among the European information sharing and analysis centres (ISACs) is effective and efficient.

European Cybersecurity Month 2021 - Deployment report

The deployment report of the European Cybersecurity Month (ECSM) for 2021, summarises the activities introduced towards reducing cyber incidents. It evaluates the campaign of last year and provides insights for the future.

Deploying Pseudonymisation Techniques

Pseudonymisation is increasingly becoming a key security technique for providing a means that can facilitate personal data processing, while offering strong safeguards for the protection of personal data and thereby safeguarding the rights and…

5G Cybersecurity Standards

This report outlines the contribution of standardisation to the mitigation of technical risks, and therefore to trust and resilience, in the 5G ecosystem. This report focuses on standardisation from a technical and organisational perspective.

Risk Management Standards

The purpose of this document is to provide a coherent overview of published standards that address aspects of risk management and subsequently describe methodologies and tools that can be used to conform with or implement these standards.

Cyber Threats Outreach In Telecom

In this paper, we aim to give guidance to national Authorities and providers of electronic communications networks and services regarding how to strike the right balance and carry out efficient and effective outreach to users about cyber threats…

Zoning and Conduits for Railways

This document gives guidance on building zones and conduits for a railway system. To do so, first the methodology is described. This approach is based on the recently published CENELEC Technical Specification 50701 (CLC/CLC/TS 50701:2021).

NFV Security in 5G - Challenges and Best Practices

In this report explores relevant challenges, vulnerabilities and attacks to the Network Function Virtualization (NFV) within the 5G network. NFV changes the network security environment due to resource pools based on cloud computing and open…