Data Protection Engineering
Data Protection Engineering can be perceived as part of data protection by Design and by Default. It aims to support the selection, deployment and configuration of appropriate technical and organizational measures in order to satisfy specific data…
Remote Identity Proofing - Attacks & Countermeasures
Remote identity proofing is a crucial element in creating trust for digital services. The present study analyses the collection and validation of evidence provided by the applicant to complete the verification of his or her identity. More…
The cost of incidents affecting CIIs
The aim of the study is to assess the economic impact of incidents that affect CIIs in EU, based on existing work done by different parties, and set the proper ground for the future work of ENISA in this area.
Annual Incident Report 2011
For the first time in the EU, in spring 2012, national reports about security incidents were provided to ENISA and the European Commission, under Article 13a of the Framework Directive (2009/140/EC). This is a new article in the EU legal framework…
Proactive detection – Survey results
The current project aims to provide a complete inventory of all available methods, tools, activities and information sources for proactive detection of network security incidents, which are used already or potentially could be used by incident…
Cybersecurity Skills Development in the EU
This report focuses on the status of the cybersecurity education system and the inability to attract more students in studying cybersecurity and to produce graduates with “the right cybersecurity knowledge and skills”. It argues that many of the…
Cybersecurity Certification: Candidate EUCC Scheme
Following the request from the European Commission in accordance with Article 48.2 of the Cybersecurity Act, ENISA has set up an Ad Hoc Working Group to support the preparation of a candidate EU cybersecurity certification scheme as a successor to…
2020 Report on CSIRT-LE Cooperation: study of roles and synergies among selected countries
The purpose of this report is to further explore and support the cooperation between computer security incident response teams (CSIRTs), in particular national and governmental (n/g) CSIRTs, and law enforcement agencies (LEAs) and their…
Port Cybersecurity - Good practices for cybersecurity in the maritime sector
Developed in collaboration with several EU ports, this report intends to provide a useful foundation on which CIOs and CISOs of entities involved in the port ecosystem, especially port authorities and terminal operators, can build their…
Cyber Insurance: Recent Advances, Good Practices and Challenges
The aim of the report is to raise awareness for the most impactful market advances, by shortly identifying the most significant cyber insurance developments for the past four years – during 2012 to 2016 – and to capture the good practices and…