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2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

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This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

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ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) report is an annual report on the status of the cybersecurity threat landscape that identifies prime threats, major trends observed with respect to threats, threat actors and attack techniques, and also describes…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

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This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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ENISA CSIRT maturity assessment model

This is the updated version of the "Challenges for National CSIRTs in Europe in 2016: Study on CSIRT Maturity" published by ENISA in 2017. The study takes all relevant information sources into account, with a special emphasis on the NIS Directive,…
National / EU authoritiesPrivate Sector

ENISA Maturity Evaluation Methodology for CSIRTs

This is the updated version of the "Study on CSIRT Maturity – Evaluation Process" published by ENISA in 2017. The new version (v.2) reflects values that are consistent with other documents and studies on CSIRT maturity.
National / EU authoritiesPrivate Sector

Guidance and gaps analysis for European standardisation

This study aims to a) explore how the standards-developing world is responding to the fast-changing, demanding realm of privacy by mapping existing available standards and initiatives in the area and b) provide insights on the “state-of-the-art” of…
National / EU authorities

Study on CSIRT landscape and IR capabilities in Europe 2025

The objective of this study is to help ENISA identify and draw conclusions about the recent and current evolution of CSIRTs and IR capabilities in Europe towards 2025. Building on the existing knowledge gathered in the European CSIRT inventory, this…
National / EU authorities

ECSC 2018 Analysis Report

The 5th Edition of the European Cyber Security Challenge, ECSC2018 was hosted in London during 14th to 17th October. The event was organised by the Cyber Security Challenge UK at the Tobacco Dock, an iconic grade one listed building which has a rich…
National / EU authorities
enisa threat landscape report 2018

ENISA Threat Landscape Report 2018

2018 was a year that has brought significant changes in the cyberthreat landscape. Those changes had as source discrete developments in motives and tactics of the most important threat agent groups, namely cyber-criminals and state-sponsored actors
National / EU authoritiesPrivate Sector
technical reports on cybersecurity situation the state of cyber security vulnerabilities

State of Vulnerabilities 2018/2019 - Analysis of Events in the life of Vulnerabilities

The purpose of this report is to provide an insight on both the opportunities and limitations the vulnerability ecosystem offers. By using the vulnerabilities published during the year of 2018 and Q1-Q2 of 2019 as a vehicle, this report goes beyond…
National / EU authoritiesPrivate Sector

Cooperation between CSIRTs and Law Enforcement: interaction with the Judiciary

This report aims to support the cooperation between CSIRTs and Law Enforcement, as well as their interaction with the judiciary in their fight against cybercrime, by providing information on the legal, organisational, technical and cultural aspects…
National / EU authorities

Cyber Europe 2018 - After Action Report

ENISA has compiled all the information gathered during the exercise and produced an after-action report, identifying challenges and main takeaways, and making useful recommendations for the participants.
National / EU authorities

Analysis of the European R&D priorities in cybersecurity

The present document provides a series of recommendations for the priorities in the EU for R&D in the domain of ICT security made after analysis of a wide series of interviews with domain experts. The proposed research priorities have the aim to…
National / EU authorities