Publications

Featured publications

2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) report is an annual report on the status of the cybersecurity threat landscape that identifies prime threats, major trends observed with respect to threats, threat actors and attack techniques, and also describes…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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Cybersecurity and privacy in AI - Medical imaging diagnosis

This report allows better assessment of the reality that artificial intelligence brings its own set of threats, which consequently insists on the search for new security measures to counter them. Finally, it should be noted that this guide strongly…

5G Security Controls Matrix

The ENISA 5G Security controls matrix is a comprehensive and dynamic matrix of security controls and best practices for 5G networks, to support the national authorities in the EU Member States with implementing the technical measures of the EU’s 5G…

Cloud Cybersecurity Market Analysis

The present European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) report is an analysis of the cloud cybersecurity market, planned for in ENISA’s Work Programme 2022 ( ) under activity O.7.1., ‘Market analysis on the main trends in the cybersecurity…

ENISA Cybersecurity Market Analysis Framework (ECSMAF) -V2.0

This document is the cornerstone of ENISA activities in analysing the EU cybersecurity market. It presents the updated cybersecurity market analysis framework, a guidance, on how EU cybersecurity market analyses can be performed

Fog and Edge Computing in 5G

This report focuses on the fundamentals of fog and edge, an overview of their security aspects, the open challenges that these sectors face, the related standardisation efforts, the existing opportunities in this field, and different application…

Demand Side of Cyber Insurance in the EU

The report analyses current perspectives and challenges of Operator of Essential Services (OESs) related to the acquirement of cyber insurance services. Information and statistics are presented according to the selection, acquisition and use of…

Research and Innovation Brief - Annual Report on Cybersecurity Research and Innovation Needs and Priorities

This document offers a forward-looking perspective on some of these challenges and opportunities. It recognises the importance of key structural trends with major implications for the EU's digital ambitions to 2030 and beyond.

EU Cybersecurity Market Analysis - IoT in Distribution Grid

This report analyses demand and supply of IoT cybersecurity in distribution grids. It provides detailed indications on how this market might further develop in the future. The conclusions provided in the report are related to the envisaged scope,…

ENISA Cybersecurity Market Analysis Framework (ECSMAF)

This document is the cornerstone of ENISA activities in analysing the EU cybersecurity market: it presents a cybersecurity market analysis framework as a “cookbook” on how EU cybersecurity market analyses can be performed.

Risk Management Standards

The purpose of this document is to provide a coherent overview of published standards that address aspects of risk management and subsequently describe methodologies and tools that can be used to conform with or implement these standards.