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2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

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This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

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ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) report is an annual report on the status of the cybersecurity threat landscape that identifies prime threats, major trends observed with respect to threats, threat actors and attack techniques, and also describes…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

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This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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Maturity Reference for CSIRTs – Executive Summary

The target audience for this study is primarily the middle management layer in the CSIRTs, responsible for increasing the team’s maturity. The study will help them to more easily and quickly implement real maturity improvement, following self-…
National / EU authoritiesPrivate Sector

Tools and Methodologies to Support Cooperation between CSIRTs and Law Enforcement

This report aims to support the cooperation between CSIRTs - in particular national/governmental CSIRTs - and LEAs in their fight against cybercrime, by providing information on the framework and on the technical aspects of the cooperation,…
National / EU authorities

Improving Cooperation between CSIRTs and Law Enforcement: Legal and Organisational Aspects

This report aims to support the cooperation between CSIRTs - in particular national/governmental CSIRTs - and LEAs in their fight against cybercrime, by providing information on the legal and organisational aspects, identifying current shortcomings…
National / EU authorities

Stock taking of information security training needs in critical sectors

The primary objective of this project is to provide a mapping of ENISA’s training program and a strategy to adapt it in the light of the recently adopted EU NIS Directive, catering for the needs of the identified critical sectors.

Private Sector

Incident notification for DSPs in the context of the NIS Directive

This report provides preliminary guidelines on how incident notification provisions for Digital Service Providers could be effectively implemented across the EU. Based on valuable input from Member States and companies directly impacted by the…
Private Sector

Technical Guidelines for the implementation of minimum security measures for Digital Service Providers

ENISA has issued this report to assist Member States and DSPs in providing a common approach regarding the security measures for DSPs. This particular initiative has been achieved by examining current information and network security practices for…
Private Sector

Report on Cyber Security Information Sharing in the Energy Sector

The purpose of this report is to understand and learn the development of CSIRTs, ISACs, as well as relevant initiatives on information sharing on cyber security incidents in the energy sector by focusing on the subsectors identified in the NIS…
Private Sector

Communication network dependencies for ICS/SCADA Systems

ENISA is continuing the work on communication network dependencies in industrial infrastructures, focusing in this case on ICS/SCADA systems and networks. The main objective is to provide insight into the communication network interdependencies…
Private Sector

A good practice guide of using taxonomies in incident prevention and detection

The aim of this document is to provide good practices on using taxonomies for incident detection and prevention by taking into account the input received from the CSIRT community and relevant information from previous ENISA studies. In addition, it…
National / EU authoritiesPrivate Sector

Distributed Ledger Technology & Cybersecurity - Improving information security in the financial sector

This paper aims to provide financial professionals in both business and technology roles with an assessment of the various benefits and challenges that their institutions may encounter when implementing a distributed ledger.
Private Sector