The annual NIS Investments report presents the findings of a study conducted by ENISA to explore how cybersecurity policy translates in practice across organisations in the EU and its effects on their investments, resources, and operations.
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Through a more threat-centric approach and further contextual analysis, this latest edition of the ENISA Threat Landscape analyses 4875 incidents over a period spanning from 1 July 2024 to 30 June 2025. At its core, this report provides an…
This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The cybersecurity requirements for…
This report gives an aggregated overview of Trust Services Security Incidents in 2019, showing root causes, statistics and trends. It marks the fourth round of security incident reporting for the EU’s trust services sector. The annual summary…
Following the request from the European Commission in accordance with Article 48.2 of the Cybersecurity Act, ENISA has set up an Ad Hoc Working Group to support the preparation of a candidate EU cybersecurity certification scheme as a successor…
The current project aims to provide a complete inventory of all available methods, tools, activities and information sources for proactive detection of network security incidents, which are used already or potentially could be used by incident…
The current project aims to provide a complete inventory of all available methods, tools, activities and information sources for proactive detection of network security incidents, which are used already or potentially could be used by incident…
The current project aims to provide a complete inventory of all available methods, tools, activities and information sources for proactive detection of network security incidents, which are used already or potentially could be used by incident…
This publication describes the threats against energy providers’ services which depend on the availability of precise timing and communication networks. It provides a typical architecture which supports the time measurement service. Then it…
This report aims to support the cooperation between CSIRTs - in particular, national and governmental CSIRTs, LEAs and the Judiciary – in particular, prosecutors and judges, in their fight against cybercrime, by providing information on the…
This report explores the current state of affairs in Encrypted Traffic Analysis and in particular discusses research and methods in 6 key use cases; viz. application identification, network analytics, user information identification, detection of…
This study discusses some key elements of software security and provides a concise overview of the most relevant existing approaches and standards while identifying shortcomings associated with the secure software development landscape, related…
The purpose of this roadmap is to further explore the cooperation across computer security incident response teams (CSIRTs) in particular with national and governmental - law enforcement (LE) and the Judiciary (prosecutors and judges). This…
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