Publications

Featured publications

2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

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This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

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ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) report is an annual report on the status of the cybersecurity threat landscape that identifies prime threats, major trends observed with respect to threats, threat actors and attack techniques, and also describes…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

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This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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Protection of Underground Electronic Communications Infrastructure

This document aims to provide recommendations to Member States (MS) that wish to protect their underground electronic communications infrastructure against disruption due to civil works. This document shall help MS to assess their need to deploy an…

Security Guide for ICT Procurement

The “Security Guide for ICT Procurement” aims to be a practical tool for electronic communications service providers to better manage security risks when dealing with vendors of ICT products and outsourced services. The Guide maps security risks…

Secure ICT Procurement in Electronic Communications

The report, “Secure ICT Procurement in Electronic Communications”, focuses on the growing dependency of electronic communications service providers on ICT products and outsourced services, it analyses security risks associated with third party ICT…

Impact Analysis and Roadmap

This report represents the outcome of an impact assessment of ENISA’s support to Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) for the period 2005 until today. The impact assessment has served as a basis for a proposed roadmap to 2020. The key…

Scalable and Accepted Methods for Trust Building

One of ENISA’s role is that of community builder. In order to properly fulfill this role, ENISA must have a better insight at what makes or breaks a community – trust. This report takes a first informal look at how communities build and maintain…

An evaluation framework for Cyber Security Strategies

ENISA work on the evaluation of National Cyber Security Strategies (NCSS) addressing to policy experts and government officials who design, implement and evaluate an NCSS policy. It aims to be a flexible and pragmatic tool based on…

Study on cryptographic protocols

Cryptographic algorithms, when used in networks, are used within a cryptographic protocol. Even if the cryptographic primitives and schemes (discussed in the “Algorithms, key size and parameters” report of 2014, see link below) are deemed secure,…

Algorithms, key size and parameters report 2014

The “Algorithms, key size and parameters” report of 2014 is a reference document providing a set of guidelines to decision makers, in particular specialists designing and implementing cryptographic solutions for personal data protection within…

Cybersecurity competitions — the status in Europe

This report focuses on analysing the current situation concerning cybersecurity challenge competitions in Europe. The experience gathered will be the basis to develop a pan-European competition on cybersecurity.

Good Practice Guide on Training Methodologies

The goal of this document is to guide both novice and experienced trainers to design and deliver trainings of any size or type, and to make these trainings more successful, more “fun” and with better and longer lasting results.